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一、对译法
所谓对译法,就是翻译公司译员在翻译时基本保持原句的顺序,不做大的改动。就汉英翻译而 言,能以这种方法翻译的长句不多。例如:
a.除夕之夜的清晰回忆如潮水一般涌来,当时,我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁爸爸、姐姐、弟弟妈妈晚饭做的是狡子。Vivid memories came flooding back ofthe night at the Spring Festival Eve when all of us were seated around the supper table-fa?ther, sister, brother-and mother served dumplings for supper.
b.托尼乐不可支,从那以后,只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物,坏了的 屏风啦,五金器具啦,包装纸板啦,托尼都要收起来拿回家,看他这个样子真是有意 ,思。Tony was delighted. From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place-a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing-Tony would gather and take home.
二、倒置法
汉语有些长句的表达词序与英语习惯不同,甚至完全相反,这时需要从原文后面 开始翻译。例如:
a.-旦掌握了正确的学习方法,学什么都很容易了,这个道理谁都知道。It isknown to all that it's easy to learn everything once the proper way of learning has been ac?quired.
b.我们新来的英语老师脾气不好,上课还经常迟到,真不称职。ItiSreallyinCOm- petent for our new English teacher to be bad-tempered and late for class often.
三、拆句法
由于汉英句式结构的差异,使得在汉语长句英译过程中,常常需要将汉语的长句 拆分为若干短句,同时注意各短句之间应层次分明,有一定的逻辑关系。例如?.
面对别人的成功与荣耀,我喝我的清茶,我明白那掌声已有所属,匆匆忙忙赶 过去,不会有成功等着你,还是自己再创业吧,跟着别人永远只能摸着成功的尾巴。 Not dazzled by other peopled aura of success and glamour, YU indulge in my simple pleasure. Clearly aware where the credit goes, I won’t join in the rush in the vain hope of accepting the prize to be handed to me on a plate. The best a blind follower can do is tailing after the win?ners. The only alternative is to create wonders of one’s own.
四、综合法
我们讲述了汉语长句英译的三种方法,但事实上,在翻译一个汉语长句时,并不 只是单纯地使用一种翻译方法,而需要我们综合运用各种方法,按照一定的逻辑顺序, 主次分明地对全句进行综合处理,以便把汉语原文翻译成通顺忠实的英语句子。如:
一个已修饰完毕的,弯曲它的颈到背上,长长的嘴藏没在翅膀里,静静合上它 白色的绒毛间的小黑眼,仿佛准备睡眠。One of them, after grooming itself, curled its neck up over its back with its long red beak buried under its wing, and quietly closed its little black eyes, tucked by soft white down, as if it were preparing to sleep.
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